Late Cretaceous · 77–65 million years ago

Troodon

"Wounding Tooth"
/TROH-oh-don/
Cretaceous
🦎
2m
Length
1m
Height
50 kg
Weight
🍖
Omnivore
~50 km/h
Top speed
📍
North America

Troodon was small, fast, and unusually intelligent for a dinosaur. With forward-facing eyes that gave it excellent stereoscopic vision, a large brain relative to its body, and grasping hands, it is often cited as one of the most cognitively advanced non-avian dinosaurs. In 1982, palaeontologist Dale Russell famously speculated that if Troodon had survived another 50 million years, it might have evolved into a bipedal humanoid — the 'Dinosauroid' thought experiment.

Key fact
Had the largest brain-to-body ratio of any known dinosaur — sparking famous speculation about what it might have evolved into had the extinction not occurred.